Artificial intelligence impacts the art and science of dentistry – Part 1

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by Jessica A. Rickert, DDS

December 28, 2025

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a relatively recently developed tool by computer experts. What is it? First, some definitions.

intelligence
This word comes from Latin intellectualwhich means “to understand.”

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learn
Learning is the complex acquisition and retention of facts, information, and abilities and the ability to recall them for future use. Learning involves analyzing data, recognizing patterns, and making decisions.

Animals also exhibit intelligence. Examples of animal intelligence include cognitive abilities such as using tools and understanding commands. In contrast, instincts are natural tendencies toward certain behaviors that are programmed by genes.

Artificial intelligence (AI)
AI uses technology that enables machines to perform complex learning tasks. AI systems can analyze data, recognize patterns, reason, solve problems, and make decisions.

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI)
GAI can create original content such as text, images, audio, software code, and video in response to user prompts. GAI relies on algorithms trained on large datasets to generate new data.

Machine learning (ML)
Machine learning is the ability of computers to learn from stored data and make decisions without being explicitly programmed by humans.

neural network
Computer neural networks are modeled after the human brain, which has many neurons and synapses. It consists of connected units called “nodes”.

Signals are sent between nodes through algorithms that mimic aspects of human learning.

algorithm
In mathematics and computer science, an algorithm is a finite sequence of mathematically rigorous instructions written as computer code. Algorithms are used to perform calculations and solve problems.

Chat generation pre-trained transformer (ChatGPT)
ChatGPT analyzes data and uses patterns from previous output to generate human-like communications.

Dr. Jessica A. Rickert is a member of the Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation. A graduate of the University of Michigan School of Dentistry, she became the first Native American female dentist in 1975.

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