Baranov, D. et al. Nanophotonic engineering of long-range thermal emitters. nut. maternal. 18920–930 (2019).
Yin, X., Yang, R., Tan, G. & Fan, S. Earth Radiation Cooling: Uses the cold universe as a renewable and sustainable energy source. Science 370786–791 (2020).
Raman, AP, etc. Passive radiant cooling under ambient temperatures under direct sunlight. Nature 515540–544 (2014).
Zhai, Y. Etal. A scalable, randomized glass polymer hybrid metamaterial for daytime radiative cooling. Science 3551062–1066 (2017).
Zeng, S. Etal. A hierarchical metafabric for scalable passive daytime radiative cooling. Science 373692–696 (2021).
Rin, K. Etal. High solar reflectivity with hierarchically structured passive radiative cooling ceramics. Science 382691–697 (2023).
Woo, R. Etal. Spectrum engineering textiles for radiative cooling to urban thermal islands. Science 3841203–1212 (2024).
Mandal, J. Etal. Layeredly porous polymer coating for highly efficient passive daytime radiative cooling. Science 362315–319 (2018).
Li, T. Etal. Radiant cooling structural material. Science 364760–763 (2019).
Li, Y. Etal. Structured thermal surfaces for radiant camouflage. nut. commune. 9273 (2018).
Zhu, H. Etal. Multispectral camouflage for infrared, visible, lasers and microwaves with radiative cooling. nut. commune. 121805 (2021).
Yao, K. & Zheng, Y. Nanophotonics and Machine LearningVol. 241 (Springer, 2023).
Ma, W. et al. Deep learning for photonic structure design. nut. Photonics 1577–90 (2020).
Zhu, C. Etal. Machine learning helped design and optimize thermal metamaterials. Chemistry. Pastor 1244258–4331 (2024).
Molesky, S. Etal. Reverse design of nanophotonics. nut. Photonics 12659–670 (2018).
Ma, W. et al. Based on statistical machine learning, it promotes limiting capabilities in meta-face design. Adv. maternal. 342110022 (2022).
Liu, Z. et al. Generation model for inverse design of metasurfaces. Nanolet. 186570–6576 (2018).
Chen, J. Etal. Correlate the Metastall spectrum with the generation removal framework. nut. commune. 144872 (2023).
Woo, X. Etal. Dual selective thermal emitter with enhanced subambient radiant cooling performance. nut. commune. 15815 (2024).
Zhao, X. Etal. Solution processed radiant cooling glass. Science 382684–691 (2023).
Li, D. Etal. Scalable and hierarchically designed polymer films are scalable and designed polymer films as selective thermal emitters for high performance, all-day radiative cooling. nut. Nanotechnol. 16153–158 (2021).
Fan, S. & Li, W. Photonics and thermodynamic concepts in radiative cooling. nut. Photonics 16182–190 (2022).
Tang, H. et al. Both subambient and ambient conditions: a comprehensive approach to efficient use of radiant cooling. Energy environment. SCI. 174498–4507 (2024).
Zhao, D. Etal. Radiant Sky Cooling: Fundamental Principles, Materials and Applications. Appl. Phys. Pastor 6021306 (2019).
Lan, P. Etal. Hierarchical ceramic nanofiber aerogels for universal passive radiative cooling. Adv. It works. maternal. 34202410285 (2024).
Google Scholar
Kim, MJ, et al. Deep learning-supported inverse design of nanoparticle embedded radiative coolers. Opt. Express 3216235–16247 (2024).
Guan, Q. Etal. Machine learning-enabled reverse-designed on-demand transmitter-colored radiant cooling film. ACS Photonics 10715–726 (2023).
Din, Z. Etal. Machine learning-assisted design of robust biomimetic radial cooling metamaterials. ACS Mater. Rhett. 62416–2424 (2024).
SEO, J. Etal. An experimental demonstration of the design and performance of broadband solar thermal absorbers using deep neural networks. SCI. manager 915028 (2019).
Yu, S. Etal. A general deep learning framework for emission engineering. Light: SCI. Appl. 12291 (2023).
Eji, X. Etal. Implementation of infrared camouflage with reverse design and thermal management based on hierarchical metamaterials. Nanophotonics 121891–1902 (2023).
Xi, W. et al. Ultra-efficient information information design of thermal metamaterials for visible inner compatible camouflage. nut. commune. 144694 (2023).
Liu, X. Etal. A laser and infrared compatible stealth metasurface with radiative thermal engineering enabled by machine learning. Adv. It works. maternal. 332212068 (2023).
Sullivan, J., Mirhashemi, A. &Lee, J. Deep learning-based inverse design of microstructured materials for light optimization and thermal radiation control. SCI. manager 137382 (2023).
Su, W. et al. Machine learning-enabled metasurface-based near perfect daytime radiant cooler design. Sol. Energy motherhood. Sol. cell 260112488 (2023).
Ma, W. et al. Probabilistic representation and inverse design of metamaterials based on deep generative models with semi-surveillance learning strategies. Adv. maternal. 311901111 (2019).
Kudyshev, Z., Kildishev, A.V., Shalaev, V.M. & Boltasseva, A. Machine learning-assisted metasurface design for the optimization of highly efficient thermal emitters. Appl. Phys. Pastor 7021407 (2020).
Shi, Nn et al. Keeping it cool: Enhanced optical reflection and radiant heat dissipation of Sahara's silver ants. Science 349298–301 (2015).
Zhang, H. Etal. A biologically inspirational flexible photonic film for efficient passive radiative cooling. Proc. Natl Acad. SCI. united states of america 11714657–14666 (2020).
Non-polarized broadband multilayer reflectors from Jordan, TM, Partridge, JC & Roberts, NW fish. nut. Photonics 6759–763 (2012).
Lemcoff, T. Etal. The vivid whiteness of the shrimp from the ultra-thin layer of the Virallingent Nanosphere. nut. Photonics 17485–493 (2023).
Tsai, CC et al. Physical and behavioral adaptations to prevent overheating of the living wings of butterflies. nut. commune. 11551 (2020).
Choi, Sh et al. Anderson photolocalization in biological nanostructures of native silk. nut. commune. 9452 (2018).
Morais, Clm et al. Standardization of complex biologically derived spectrochemical data sets. nut. Protock. 141546–1577 (2019).
Huang, M. Etal. A hierarchically structured self-cleaning energy-free polymer film for daytime radiant cooling. Chemistry. Eng. J. 442136239 (2022).
Zhou, M. Etal. Steam condensation due to radiant cooling during the day. Proc. Natl Acad. SCI. united states of america 118E2019292118 (2021).
Yang, Z. & Zhang, J. Adds efficient cooling throughout the day due to a bioinspired radiant cooling structure with randomly stacked fibers. ACS Appl. maternal. Interface 1343387–43395 (2021).
Shi, S. et al. A scalable bacterial cellulose-based radiative cooling material with switchable transparency for thermal management and enhanced solar energy. small 19202301957 (2023).
Zhao, D. Etal. Water Subambient Cooling: Towards the real-world application of daytime radiative cooling. Jules 3111–123 (2019).
Xu, Y. Etal. Multiscale porous elastomeric substrate for multifunctional skin electronics with passive cooling capabilities. Proc. Natl Acad. SCI. united states of america 117205–213 (2020).
Xiao, C. Thermal meta-emitters of hyper-track bands and machine learning band selection. Code and dataset for reverse design of thermal metame emitters. Xenod https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15229359 (2025).
